{"id":1079,"date":"2025-01-15T18:39:00","date_gmt":"2025-01-15T17:39:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/?p=1079"},"modified":"2025-03-26T15:44:24","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T14:44:24","slug":"jak-zacit-podnikat-pruvodce-krok-za-krokem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/jak-zacit-podnikat-pruvodce-krok-za-krokem\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak za\u010d\u00edt podnikat: Pr\u016fvodce krok za krokem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Chyst\u00e1te se p\u0159ej\u00edt na volnou nohu a nev\u00edte, co za za\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1? P\u0159ipravili jsme pro v\u00e1s souhrnn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s provede zalo\u017een\u00edm \u017eivnosti od A do \u017d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zamyslete se nad podnikatelsk\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Je\u0161t\u011b, ne\u017e za\u010dnete za\u0159izovat formality, dejte si pr\u00e1ci s&nbsp;t\u00edm, abyste se na cel\u00e9 podnik\u00e1n\u00ed pod\u00edvali trochu z nadhledu. Samotn\u00fd n\u00e1pad je sice dobr\u00fd start, ale rozhodn\u011b to chce trochu v\u00edce pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed. Funk\u010dn\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/proc-je-dulezity-podnikatelsky-zamer-a-jak-si-ho-ujasnit\/\">podnikatelsk\u00fd z\u00e1m\u011br<\/a> obsahuje popis slu\u017eby nebo produktu, popis va\u0161ich z\u00e1kazn\u00edk\u016f, stejn\u011b jako anal\u00fdzu konkurence nebo cenotvorbu. Nezapom\u00ednejte ani na marketingovou strategii, d\u00edky kter\u00e9 se o v\u00e1s potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kazn\u00edci dozv\u00ed a pov\u011bnujte se i p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdm rizik\u016fm a pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed financ\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak zalo\u017eit \u017eivnost<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Stru\u010dn\u011b o typech \u017eivnost\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017divnosti se d\u011bl\u00ed na dva z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typy. A to na <strong>\u017eivnosti ohla\u0161ovac\u00ed<\/strong> a na <strong>\u017eivnosti koncesovan\u00e9<\/strong>. Ohla\u0161ovac\u00ed se d\u00e1le d\u011bl\u00ed na voln\u00e9 \u017eivnosti, kter\u00e9 jsou nejroz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a pot\u0159ebujete u nich pouze ohl\u00e1sit podnik\u00e1n\u00ed na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b, a na \u0159emesln\u00e9 a v\u00e1zan\u00e9, ke kter\u00e9m pot\u0159ebujete dok\u00e1zat odbornou zp\u016fsobilost. Koncesovan\u00e9 \u017eivnosti nav\u00edc vy\u017eaduj\u00ed odbornou zp\u016fsobilost a podl\u00e9haj\u00ed regulaci st\u00e1tu. V&nbsp;tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme v\u011bnovat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm voln\u00fdm \u017eivnostem, do kter\u00fdch spad\u00e1 v\u011bt\u0161ina <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/freelanceri\">freelancer\u016f<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Podm\u00ednky pro zalo\u017een\u00ed \u017eivnosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Abyste mohli za\u010d\u00edt podnikat, pot\u0159ebujete splnit v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky jako <strong>dosa\u017een\u00ed v\u011bku 18 let<\/strong>, <strong>zp\u016fsobilost k&nbsp;pr\u00e1vn\u00edm \u00fakon\u016fm<\/strong> a <strong>bez\u00fahonnost <\/strong>(ne v\u017edy je \u0161kraloup v&nbsp;trestn\u00edm rejst\u0159\u00edku p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekou, v\u017edy ale z\u00e1vis\u00ed na individu\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu). A samoz\u0159ejm\u011b si tak\u00e9 pot\u0159ebujete zalo\u017eit \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed (kter\u00e9mu se d\u0159\u00edve \u0159\u00edkalo \u017eivnostensk\u00fd list). To <strong>z\u00edsk\u00e1te na \u017eivnostensk\u00e9m \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b v&nbsp;m\u00edst\u011b sv\u00e9ho bydli\u0161t\u011b<\/strong>. S&nbsp;sebou nezapome\u0148te p\u0159in\u00e9st:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>vypln\u011bn\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mpo.cz\/assets\/cz\/podnikani\/zivnostenske-podnikani\/crm-jednotny-registracni-formular\/2017\/6\/Jednotny-registracni-formular.pdf\">jednotn\u00fd registra\u010dn\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159<\/a> (lze ho vyplnit i na m\u00edst\u011b),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>ob\u010dansk\u00fd pr\u016fkaz,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spr\u00e1vn\u00ed poplatek 1&nbsp;000 K\u010d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Do 5 dn\u016f od ohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u017eivnosti bude hotov\u00fd v\u00fdpis ze \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho rejst\u0159\u00edku a bude v\u00e1m <strong>p\u0159id\u011bleno osmim\u00edstn\u00e9 identifika\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edslo<\/strong>, kter\u00e9 zn\u00e1te pod zkratkou I\u010c nebo I\u010cO.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TIP:<\/strong> P\u0159i ohl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed \u017eivnosti si m\u016f\u017eete vybrat neomezen\u00fd po\u010det voln\u00fdch \u017eivnost\u00ed bez nutnosti cokoli platit (vyjma spr\u00e1vn\u00edho poplatku 1&nbsp;000&nbsp;K\u010d). Za pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dopln\u011bn\u00ed dal\u0161\u00ed voln\u00e9 \u017eivnosti (bez ohledu na po\u010det) budete platit 500 K\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Zalo\u017een\u00ed \u017eivnosti online<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Nejrychlej\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsob, jak si v roce 2025 zalo\u017eit \u017eivnost, je p\u0159es <a href=\"https:\/\/www.rzp.cz\/portal\/cs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Port\u00e1l \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>. K p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed budete pot\u0159ebovat <a href=\"https:\/\/www.identita.gov.cz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Identitu ob\u010dana<\/a> \u2013 nap\u0159\u00edklad bankovn\u00ed identitu nebo eOb\u010danku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V sekci Elektronick\u00e1 pod\u00e1n\u00ed zvol\u00edte formul\u00e1\u0159 \u201eOhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed nebo zm\u011bna \u017eivnosti\u201c, kter\u00fd jednodu\u0161e vypln\u00edte a ode\u0161lete, ide\u00e1ln\u011b <strong>p\u0159es datovou schr\u00e1nku<\/strong>. Za online p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed zaplat\u00edte <strong>spr\u00e1vn\u00ed poplatek<\/strong> <strong>800 K\u010d<\/strong> \u2013 \u00fa\u0159ad v\u00e1s po zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dosti s\u00e1m kontaktuje s \u00fadaji k platb\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdy lze podnikat i bez \u017eivnosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako u v\u0161eho, i u \u017eivnost\u00ed existuj\u00ed v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 k&nbsp;provozov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinnosti nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed \u017eivnostensk\u00e9 opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed. Jedn\u00e1 se o zem\u011bd\u011blskou v\u00fdrobu, lesn\u00ed a vodn\u00ed hospod\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed a \u010dinnost autor\u016f. Opr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00ed nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed ani spisovatel\u00e9, herci a hudebn\u00edci, stejn\u011b jako osoby podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed podle zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edch p\u0159edpis\u016f, ke kter\u00fdm je pot\u0159eba slo\u017een\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed zkou\u0161ky. Sem pat\u0159\u00ed nap\u0159\u00edklad da\u0148ov\u00ed poradci, advok\u00e1ti, soudn\u00ed exekuto\u0159i, tlumo\u010dn\u00edci a dal\u0161\u00ed. Ale ani tato v\u00fdjimka v\u00e1s nezbav\u00ed <strong>povinnosti registrovat se na \u017eivnostensk\u00e9m \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak za\u010d\u00edt podnikat p\u0159ed dovr\u0161en\u00edm plnoletosti<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u017divnostensk\u00fd z\u00e1kon na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed pamatuje i na podnikav\u00e9 studenty, kte\u0159\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b nedovr\u0161ili 18 let. Pokud je v\u00e1m v\u00edce ne\u017e 16, <strong>m\u016f\u017eete \u017eivnost provozovat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm odpov\u011bdn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce<\/strong>. Odpov\u011bdn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce ustanovuje z\u00e1jemci o podnik\u00e1n\u00ed jeho z\u00e1konn\u00fd z\u00e1stupce (nej\u010dast\u011bji rodi\u010d), a to v\u017edy se souhlasem soudu. Soud mus\u00ed odsouhlasit jak odpov\u011bdn\u00e9ho z\u00e1stupce, tak i typ \u017eivnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak se p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit k povinn\u00fdm odvod\u016fm<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Zat\u00edmco d\u0159\u00edve jste museli z&nbsp;\u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho \u00fa\u0159adu je\u0161t\u011b b\u011b\u017eet na <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cssz.cz\/\">OSSZ<\/a>, zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161\u0165ovnu a finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00fa\u0159ad, s&nbsp;jednotn\u00fdm registra\u010dn\u00edm formul\u00e1\u0159em v\u00e1m toto b\u011bh\u00e1n\u00ed odpad\u00e1. Jeho <strong>vypln\u011bn\u00edm se toti\u017e z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159ihla\u0161ujete k<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>dani z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjmu,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>platb\u011b d\u016fchodov\u00e9ho (soci\u00e1ln\u00edho) poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>platb\u011b zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud jste formul\u00e1\u0159 nevyu\u017eili, m\u00e1te na registraci na OSSZ a na poji\u0161\u0165ovn\u011b 8 kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edch dn\u016f, na registraci k&nbsp;dani z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjmu fyzick\u00fdch osob na finan\u010dn\u00edm \u00fa\u0159ad\u011b pak 15 dn\u016f ode dne vykon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dinnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak\u00e1 je v\u00fd\u0161e z\u00e1loh pro OSV\u010c 2025<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Povinn\u00e9 z\u00e1lohy se m\u011bn\u00ed ka\u017ed\u00fd rok a po\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed se takto:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Pro <strong>d\u016fchodov\u00e9 (soci\u00e1ln\u00ed) poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> je minim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1loha 29,2 % z minim\u00e1ln\u00edho vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00edho z\u00e1kladu. Ten se letos zvy\u0161uje z 30 na 35 % pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy (tj. 16 295 K\u010d) a v n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm roce poroste na 40% . Minim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1lohy na soci\u00e1ln\u00edm tak v roce 2025 vzrostly na <strong>4 759 K\u010d<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>U <strong>zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/strong> tvo\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1lohy 13,5 % z poloviny pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 hrub\u00e9 mzdy, pro rok 2025 je to <strong>3\u00a0143\u00a0K\u010d<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud jste neza\u010dali podnikat na hlavn\u00ed \u010dinnost p\u0159ed 1. lednem 2024 a posledn\u00edch 20 let jste jako OSV\u010c hlavn\u00ed \u010dinnost nevykon\u00e1vali, m\u00e1te n\u00e1rok na sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e9 odvody. V roce, kdy podnik\u00e1n\u00ed rozjedete, a je\u0161t\u011b n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed dva roky, se v\u00e1m minim\u00e1ln\u00ed vym\u011b\u0159ovac\u00ed z\u00e1klad po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 jen z 25 % pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e9 mzdy. D\u00edky tomu budete v roce 2025 platit na d\u016fchodov\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed jen <strong>3\u202f399 K\u010d m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Kdy se z\u00e1lohy neplat\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/podnikani-pri-zamestnani-vse-co-potrebujete-vedet-do-zacatku\/\">podnik\u00e1te na vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u010dinnost p\u0159i zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>, plat\u00ed za v\u00e1s soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed zam\u011bstnavatel. Stejn\u011b tak se placen\u00ed z\u00e1loh net\u00fdk\u00e1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/proc-zacit-podnikat-uz-pri-studiu\/\">podnikaj\u00edc\u00edch student\u016f<\/a> do 26 let v\u011bku (u doktorsk\u00e9ho studia je hranice 28 let), a \u0159e\u0161it je nemus\u00edte ani p\u0159i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/co-obnasi-podnikani-na-materske-a-rodicovske-dovolene\/\">podnik\u00e1n\u00ed na mate\u0159sk\u00e9<\/a> a rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9, jako d\u016fchodce, nebo kdy\u017e m\u00e1te p\u0159iznan\u00fd pln\u00fd \u010di \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00fd invalidn\u00ed d\u016fchod. Z\u00e1lohy tak\u00e9 nebudete platit, kdy\u017e se p\u0159ihl\u00e1s\u00edte k&nbsp;pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed dani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148 je souhrnn\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed platba, kterou m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt jako OSV\u010c s p\u0159\u00edjmy do 2 milion\u016f K\u010d (nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 ji vyu\u017e\u00edt jako pl\u00e1tce DPH). Vyhnete se tak n\u011bkolika m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm platb\u00e1m za z\u00e1lohy i pod\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehled\u016f a da\u0148ov\u00e9ho p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148 se d\u011bl\u00ed na 3 p\u00e1sma: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Prvn\u00ed p\u00e1smo<\/strong> mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u0161echny OSV\u010c s p\u0159\u00edjmem do 1 milionu K\u010d. Pokud m\u00e1te alespo\u0148 75 % p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f z&nbsp;\u010dinnost\u00ed, u kter\u00fdch lze uplatnit 80% nebo 60% v\u00fddajov\u00fd pau\u0161\u00e1l, spad\u00e1te do prvn\u00edho p\u00e1sma i s p\u0159\u00edjmy a\u017e do 1,5 milionu K\u010d. Celkov\u00e1 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stka <strong>pro rok 2025 \u010din\u00ed 8 716 K\u010d <\/strong>a je tedy o cca 800 K\u010d vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e minim\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1lohy na soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed. Jestli se v\u00e1m vyplat\u00ed, zjist\u00edte z&nbsp;r\u016fzn\u00fdch kalkula\u010dek, kter\u00e9 jsou na internetu dostupn\u00e9 zdarma.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Druh\u00e9 p\u00e1smo <\/strong>lze vyu\u017e\u00edt bez ohledu na vykon\u00e1vanou \u010dinnost s&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjmy od 1 do 1,5 milionu K\u010d, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b s ro\u010dn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjmem do 2 milion\u016f K\u010d, kdy\u017e na alespo\u0148 75 % p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f lze uplatnit 80% nebo 60% v\u00fddajov\u00fd pau\u0161\u00e1l. V&nbsp;takov\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b zaplat\u00edte 16&nbsp;745 K\u010d.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>T\u0159et\u00ed p\u00e1smo<\/strong> mohou vyu\u017e\u00edt ostatn\u00ed OSV\u010c s&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjmem do 2 milion\u016f K\u010d a m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b zaplat\u00ed 27&nbsp;139 K\u010d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mus\u00edm se registrovat k&nbsp;DPH?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>K&nbsp;DPH se mus\u00edte registrovat s&nbsp;ro\u010dn\u00edm obratem nad 2 miliony K\u010d. Kdybyste dvoumilionov\u00fd obrat p\u0159ekro\u010dili u\u017e v dubnu 2025, <strong>mus\u00edte do 10 pracovn\u00edch dn\u00ed p\u0159idat p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161ku<\/strong>, pl\u00e1tcem DPH se v\u0161ak stanete a\u017e <strong>1. ledna n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edho roku<\/strong>. Kdybyste se cht\u011bli pl\u00e1tcem st\u00e1t je\u0161t\u011b tento kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00ed rok, mus\u00edte to ov\u0161em spr\u00e1vci dan\u011b sd\u011blit. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Od roku 2025 se sleduje ale je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed hranice, a tou je \u010d\u00e1stka odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed hodnot\u011b 100 000 eur. Jakmile p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00edte tento stanoven\u00fd limit obratu, st\u00e1v\u00e1te se pl\u00e1tcem DPH <strong>u\u017e n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed den<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Identifikovan\u00e1 osoba<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Pokud nejste pl\u00e1tce DPH, ale budete sv\u00e9 slu\u017eby nebo produkty poskytovat do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b je budete ze zahrani\u010d\u00ed p\u0159ij\u00edmat, <strong>jste ze z\u00e1kona povinni st\u00e1t se identifikovanou osobou<\/strong>. T\u00fdk\u00e1 se v\u00e1s to i nap\u0159\u00edklad v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee pl\u00e1nujete zad\u00e1vat reklamu na Facebooku nebo Googlu a podobn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na rozd\u00edl od pl\u00e1tce DPH <strong>pod\u00e1v\u00e1te da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed jen tehdy, kdy\u017e v\u00e1m vznikne da\u0148ov\u00e1 povinnost<\/strong>. Tak\u017ee pokud budete nap\u0159\u00edklad jednor\u00e1zov\u011b fakturovat do zahrani\u010d\u00ed, sta\u010d\u00ed v\u00e1m podat p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed a souhrnn\u00e9 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed pouze v&nbsp;n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci od vystaven\u00ed faktury. Jako IO nem\u00e1te na rozd\u00edl od pl\u00e1tce DPH n\u00e1rok na odpo\u010det DPH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TIP<\/strong>: Podrobn\u011bji se t\u00e9matu v\u011bnujeme v \u010dl\u00e1nku <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/identifikovana-osoba-kdy-se-musim-jako-freelancer-registrovat-a-co-to-obnasi\/\">Identifikovan\u00e1 osoba: Kdy se mus\u00edm jako freelancer registrovat a co to obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed?<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jak je to s&nbsp;placen\u00edm nemocensk\u00e9?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Placen\u00ed nemocensk\u00e9ho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed nen\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed zdravotn\u00edho poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed a jeho <strong>placen\u00ed je \u010dist\u011b dobrovoln\u00e9<\/strong>. Pokud se rozhodnete pro jeho placen\u00ed, budete prvn\u00edch 14 dn\u00ed nemoci odk\u00e1z\u00e1ni na svoje \u00faspory, nemocenskou dostanete a\u017e od 15. dne, ale jen pokud spln\u00edte z\u00e1konn\u00e9 podm\u00ednky. Nemocensk\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed je pot\u0159eba platit minim\u00e1ln\u011b 3 m\u011bs\u00edce p\u0159ed t\u00edm, ne\u017e v\u00e1m vznikla pracovn\u00ed neschopnost. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cssz.cz\/web\/cz\/nemocenske-pojisteni-osvc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">Ve\u0161ker\u00e9 informace k&nbsp;nemocensk\u00e9mu poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed<\/a> najdete na str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch \u010cesk\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy soci\u00e1ln\u00edho zabezpe\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TIP<\/strong>: P\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/osvc-a-dobrovolne-nemocenske-pojisteni-kdy-dava-smysl-a-kdy-se-vyplati-komercni-pojistka\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">kdy d\u00e1v\u00e1 dobrovoln\u00e9 nemocensk\u00e9 poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed smysl<\/a>, a kdy je lep\u0161\u00ed zvolit komer\u010dn\u00ed pojistku.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" src=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ucetnictvi-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1081\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ucetnictvi-1024x682.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ucetnictvi-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ucetnictvi-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ucetnictvi.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00da\u010detnictv\u00ed a dan\u011b<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Jako OSV\u010c m\u00e1te povinnost bu\u010f v\u00e9st <strong>da\u0148ovou evidenci<\/strong>, u kter\u00e9 je pot\u0159eba schov\u00e1vat v\u0161echny doklady, <strong>p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit se k&nbsp;pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed dani<\/strong>, u kter\u00e9 evidujete sv\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy a m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b odv\u00e1d\u00edte jednu platbu jako z\u00e1lohu na da\u0148, d\u016fchodov\u00e9 i zdravotn\u00ed poji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, nebo <strong>uplatnit v\u00fddaje procentem z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f<\/strong>. Nej\u010dast\u011bji se uplat\u0148uje<strong> 60 %<\/strong> <strong>z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f ze \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho podnik\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uplatn\u011bn\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f je v\u0161ak 1&nbsp;200&nbsp;000&nbsp;K\u010d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vybrat si m\u016f\u017eete na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, co je pro v\u00e1s v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed da\u0148 l\u00e1k\u00e1 na to, \u017ee da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed v\u016fbec nemus\u00edte pod\u00e1vat, ka\u017edop\u00e1dn\u011b za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed freelancer t\u011b\u017eko odhadne, jestli se mu vyplat\u00ed. V\u00fddajov\u00fd pau\u0161\u00e1l m\u00e1 nespornou v\u00fdhodu v&nbsp;tom, \u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b sni\u017euje mno\u017estv\u00ed administrativy a da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed si tak zvl\u00e1dnete vyplnit i sami. Pokud ale re\u00e1ln\u00e9 v\u00fddaje tento pau\u0161\u00e1l p\u0159esahuj\u00ed, dejte p\u0159ednost rad\u011bji dokl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed re\u00e1ln\u00fdch v\u00fddaj\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V&nbsp;ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se <strong>vyplat\u00ed m\u00edt v&nbsp;\u00fa\u010detnictv\u00ed p\u0159ehled<\/strong>. K&nbsp;tomu v\u00e1m dopom\u016f\u017eou faktura\u010dn\u00ed programy jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fakturoid.cz\/\">Fakturoid<\/a> nebo <a href=\"https:\/\/www.idoklad.cz\/\">iDoklad<\/a>, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed i neplacenou z\u00e1kladn\u00ed verzi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b budete pod\u00e1vat<strong> da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f fyzick\u00fdch osob<\/strong>. To se t\u00fdk\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00e9ho, jeho\u017e ro\u010dn\u00ed zdaniteln\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edjmy z&nbsp;podnik\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159es\u00e1hly 50&nbsp;000&nbsp;K\u010d, a to i v&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jste ve ztr\u00e1t\u011b. Osvobozen\u00ed od pod\u00e1n\u00ed DP jsou ty OSV\u010c, kter\u00e9 jsou p\u0159ihl\u00e1\u0161en\u00e9 k&nbsp;pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u00ed dani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Da\u0148 z&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edjmu \u010din\u00ed 15 % ze z\u00e1kladu dan\u011b<\/strong>, co\u017e jsou va\u0161e p\u0159\u00edjmy po ode\u010dten\u00ed v\u00fddaj\u016f a nezdaniteln\u00fdch polo\u017eek. Z&nbsp;t\u00e9to \u010d\u00e1stky se pak je\u0161t\u011b ode\u010d\u00edtaj\u00ed da\u0148ov\u00e9 slevy a zv\u00fdhodn\u011bn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Datov\u00e1 schr\u00e1nka<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Od ledna 2023 mus\u00ed m\u00edt \u017eivnostn\u00edci a OSV\u010c <strong>povinn\u011b datovou schr\u00e1nku<\/strong>. Dnes tak u\u017e nem\u016f\u017eete podat da\u0148ov\u00e9 p\u0159izn\u00e1n\u00ed na pobo\u010dce, ale prov\u00e1d\u00ed se v\u00fdhradn\u011b elektronicky, tedy zasl\u00e1n\u00edm na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou adresu finan\u010dn\u00edho \u00fa\u0159adu p\u0159es <a href=\"https:\/\/info.mojedatovaschranka.cz\/info\/cs\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" title=\"\">datovou schr\u00e1nku<\/a>. To sam\u00e9 plat\u00ed pro pod\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehled\u016f pro poji\u0161\u0165ovnu a OSSZ. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Mus\u00edm m\u00edt jako OSV\u010c podnikatelsk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed ot\u00e1zkou, kterou za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161\u00ed, je to, jestli je pot\u0159eba samostatn\u00fd podnikatelsk\u00fd \u00fa\u010det. Podnikaj\u00edc\u00ed fyzick\u00e9 osoby <strong>nemaj\u00ed ze z\u00e1kona \u017e\u00e1dnou povinnost m\u00edt odd\u011blen\u00fd bankovn\u00ed \u00fa\u010det<\/strong> pro p\u0159\u00edjmy z podnik\u00e1n\u00ed. Na druhou stranu je lep\u0161\u00ed si ho za\u0159\u00eddit, abyste m\u011bli v&nbsp;platb\u00e1ch lep\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pozor na podvodn\u00edky<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Rozmohl se n\u00e1m tu takov\u00fd ne\u0161var \u2013 a to, \u017ee se \u010derstv\u00fdm \u017eivnostn\u00edk\u016fm objevuj\u00ed ve schr\u00e1nk\u00e1ch <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/zacinate-podnikat-nenalette-katalogovym-podvodum\/\" title=\"\">dopisy vyb\u00edzej\u00edc\u00ed k&nbsp;zaplacen\u00ed z\u00e1pisu do obchodn\u00edho rejst\u0159\u00edku<\/a>. U dopisu nechyb\u00ed ani p\u0159ilo\u017een\u00e1 slo\u017eenka s&nbsp;ve\u0161ker\u00fdmi \u00fadaji. Na prvn\u00ed pohled v\u0161e vypad\u00e1 v\u011brohodn\u011b, ale nenechte se oklamat. <strong>Nejste povinni k&nbsp;\u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 registraci, za kterou je pot\u0159eba platit<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TIP<\/strong>: Pokud m\u00e1te zalo\u017een\u00ed a v\u0161echny povinnosti za sebou, p\u0159e\u010dt\u011bte si <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/prakticke-tipy-pro-zacatky-na-volne-noze\/\">praktick\u00e9 tipy, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m usnadn\u00ed za\u010d\u00e1tky na voln\u00e9 noze<\/a>. A tak\u00e9 se p\u0159ihlaste do <a href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/jak-prezit-zacatky-na-volne-noze-i-s-tim-pomuze-mini-akademie\/\">mini akademie<\/a>, kter\u00e1 je pro podnikatelsk\u00e9 nov\u00e1\u010dky zdarma.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Chyst\u00e1te se p\u0159ej\u00edt na volnou nohu a nev\u00edte, co za za\u0159izov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1? P\u0159ipravili jsme pro v\u00e1s souhrnn\u00fd \u010dl\u00e1nek, kter\u00fd v\u00e1s provede zalo\u017een\u00edm \u017eivnosti od A do \u017d. Zamyslete se&#8230;<\/p>\n<div class=\"more-link-wrapper\"><a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/jak-zacit-podnikat-pruvodce-krok-za-krokem\/\">\u010c\u00edst d\u00e1le<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Jak za\u010d\u00edt podnikat: Pr\u016fvodce krok za krokem<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":1080,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1079","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-pro-freelancery","excerpt"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1079"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1527,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1079\/revisions\/1527"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1080"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1079"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1079"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.freelance.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1079"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}